Reviewing and designing an Atmospheric Water Generator
In recent decades, the increasing frequency of water scarcity and drought due to climate change and mismanagement has had severe impacts on both humans and biodiversity. As a result, there has been a growing need to explore sustainable alternatives for obtaining fresh water to rehabilitate dry lands and ecosystems affected by water scarcity. One such alternative is the Atmospheric Water Generator (AWG). This study focuses on reviewing, comparing, and designing an improved version of the AWG specifically for rehabilitating arid areas and ecosystems affected by water scarcity.
To achieve this objective, an extensive literature review and comparison of existing methods of water generation from the atmosphere, including both active and passive systems, were conducted. Additionally, inspiration was drawn from natural phenomena such as plants and insects that collect water from the atmosphere. The comparison took into account various factors, such as the water yield and cost per liter, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each system. The findings indicated that while active systems have the highest water yield, their complexity and reliance on external energy sources make them less feasible for deployment in remote areas where maintenance and monitoring may be challenging.
Passive collectors, such as fog and dew collectors, were found to be more economically viable, with dew collectors having the lowest yield but offering simpler installation and maintenance processes. The study proposes improving the design of dew condensers to enhance the overall yield of the system and reduce the final water cost. Through testing various versions of dew collectors in a controlled chamber, it was discovered that a funnel-shaped condenser with additional edges at the bottom proved to be the most efficient method of collecting and condensing water from moist air.
However, further investigation and testing are required to comprehensively evaluate the improved dew collector. The chamber tests were conducted on scaled models, neglecting factors such as infrared emissivity and ground heat flux. Therefore, future tests should involve a 1:1 full-scale model of the collector deployed in a site that meets the dew condensation parameters. By conducting these rigorous tests, the effectiveness and feasibility of the improved AWG design can be determined, paving the way for its potential implementation in rehabilitating dry lands and ecosystems affected by water scarcity.
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